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tool:ubuntu(linux)系统常用配置

zhangyuhu included in tools
   2807 words   6 minutes 

1. ununtu 设置

1.1. ubuntu 自动挂载机械硬盘

Ubuntu18.04 自动挂载硬盘

1.2. ubuntu 开机自启动程序

参考： ubuntu-18.04 设置开机启动脚本

  1. 建立rc-local.service文件
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sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service

rc-local.service:

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[Unit]
Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility
ConditionPathExists=/etc/rc.local

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start
TimeoutSec=0
StandardOutput=tty
RemainAfterExit=yes
SysVStartPriority=99

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
  1. 创建文件rc.local　　
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sudo vi /etc/rc.local

rc.local :

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#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.
cd /usr/local
./RunPowerOn.sh
exit 0

RunPowerOn.sh

  1. 给rc.local加上权限/启用服务/启动服务并检查状态
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sudo chmod +x /etc/rc.local
sudo systemctl enable rc-local
sudo systemctl start rc-local.service
sudo systemctl status rc-local.service
  1. 重启并检查日志文件
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ls /mnt/DG/DATA/LOG/sys_start/
cat xxx

1.3. Ubuntu主机的NFS共享文件夹

ubuntu:

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apt-get install nfs-common nfs-kernel-server
vi /etc/exports

sudo gedit /etc/exports

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/home/zyh/T3-libra *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/home/zyh/DATA *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/home/zyh/sensor_test *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/DATA/DATA/RGBD2 *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/DATA/DATA/RGBD *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/DATA/DATA/test_roi *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/4_T3R/rknn_demo *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/99_TEST/T3RHeadDetectTest *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/99_TEST/t3r_pressure_test *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/99_TEST/rockchip_mpp *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/99_TEST/mpp *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/4_T3R/libra_v3/release *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/DATA/T3R/encoder/image *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/4_T3R/HaomuF *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/9_other/StereoCamera *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/9_other/librealsense *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
/mnt/DG/ZYH/COMMON/Multimedia/rkmmp *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)

/home/ubuntu/workspace/yuhuzhang/mpp  *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)

# home
/mnt/DATA/CODE/beagle-bone *(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DATA/CODE/beagle-bone

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sudo service nfs-kernel-server restart

alias nfsstart='sudo service nfs-kernel-server restart'
vi ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashr

T3

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mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.101.15:/home/zyh/code /mnt
ls  /mnt

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.101.98:/media/zyh/DG/WORK/2_code/1_T3/libra_v3  /mnt

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/home/zyh/T3-libra /root/zyh_libra

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/home/zyh/T3-libra /home/ubuntu/zyh_libra

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/home/zyh/T3-libra /home/zyh_libra

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/home/zyh/sensor_test /home/sensor_test

T4DEMO
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/3_T4/libra_v3/release /home/deepglint/zyh/zyh_libra

RK
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/4_T3R/rknn_demo /home/toybrick/Rockchip/zyh/rknn_demo
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/4_T3R/rknn_demo/rknn_demo /home/toybrick/Rockchip/zyh/rknn_demo
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/home/zyh/T3-libra /home/toybrick/Rockchip/zyh/zyh_libra
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/99_TEST/mpp /home/toybrick/Rockchip/zyh/mpp
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/4_T3R/libra_v3/release
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/DATA/T3R/encoder/image /home/deepglint/zyh/image
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/99_TEST/t3r_pressure_test /home/toybrick/Rockchip/zyh/t3r_pressure_test
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/DATA/T3R/encoder/image /home/toybrick/Rockchip/zyh/image

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/9_other/StereoCamera /home/toybrick/Rockchip/zyh/StereoCamera

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/4_T3R/rknn_demo/rknn_demo /home/zyh/rknn_demo

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/4_T3R/HaomuF /home/toybrick/Rockchip/zyh/HaomuF

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/home/zyh/T3-libra /home/zyh_libra

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/home/zyh/BeagleBone /root/BeagleBone

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////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/home/zyh/T3-libra /home/deepglint/zyh/zyh_libra
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/DATA/DATA/RGBD /home/deepglint/zyh/DATA
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/DATA/DATA/test_roi /home/deepglint/zyh/test_roi


mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/99_TEST/t3r_pressure_test/T3RHeadDetectTest /home/deepglint/zyh/t3r_pressure_test

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/99_TEST/libra_v3 /home/deepglint/zyh/sensor_test

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/99_TEST/mpp /home/firefly/zyh/mpp

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#firefly

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/99_TEST/t3r_pressure_test /home/firefly/zyh/t3r_pressure_test
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/9_other/librealsense /home/firefly/zyh/librealsense

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.101.63:/home/ubuntu/workspace/yuhuzhang/mpp /home/firefly/zyh/mpp
mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/99_TEST/mpp /home/firefly/zyh/mpp

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/ZYH/COMMON/Multimedia/rkmmp /home/firefly/zyh/rkmpp

mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.100.189:/mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/3_T4/aiva /home/firefly/zyh/aiva

1.4. 软链接

1.4.1. 创建软链接

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# rk3399
sudo ln -fs /mnt/DG/DATA/tool_chain/aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu_rk3399-buildroot /usr/local/aarch64-rk3399-linux-toolchain-libra-v4

# aarch64-himix100
sudo ln -fs /mnt/DG/DATA/tool_chain/aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu_sdk-buildroot /usr/local/aarch64-himix100-linux-toolchain-libra-v3

# gnueabihf
sudo ln -fs /mnt/DG/DATA/tool_chain/arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf_sdk-buildroot /usr/local/arm-linux-gnueabihf-toolchain-libra-v3

# BeagleBone
sudo ln -fs /mnt/DG/DATA/tool_chain/arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf_sdk-buildroot /usr/local/arm-linux-gnueabihf-toolchain

# code
sudo ln -fs /mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/1_T3/libra_v3 /home/zyh/T3-libra
sudo ln -fs /mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/100_ZYH/COMMON/BeagleBone /home/zyh/BeagleBone
sudo ln -fs /mnt/DG/WORK/2_code/99_TEST/libra_v3 /home/zyh/sensor_test

1.4.2. 删除软链接

正确的是：rm -rf hb_link 错误的是：rm -rf hb_link/ 这个会把整个目录都删了 备注：想要删除链接文件要用以下命令 rm /home/hb_link 只是少了一个“ / ” 删除的 就是链接文件, 也就是在文件的最后不要加上/

1.5. Ubuntu终端显示Git当前所在分支

  • cd ~
  • vi .bashrc
  • 插入代码
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function git_branch {
   branch="`git branch 2>/dev/null | grep "^\*" | sed -e "s/^\*\ //"`"
   if [ "${branch}" != "" ];then
       if [ "${branch}" = "(no branch)" ];then
           branch="(`git rev-parse --short HEAD`...)"
       fi
       echo " ($branch)"
   fi
}

export PS1='\u@\h \[\033[01;36m\]\W\[\033[01;32m\]$(git_branch)\[\033[00m\] \$ '
  • source ./.bashrc

1.6. SSH 使用别名代替IP地址登录

如果要想把前面的ssh root@192.168.1.2使用一个好记的别名（比如：test），则可以在~/.ssh/config添加如下的配置：

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Host test
    HostName 192.168.1.2
    User root

保存文件后，即可以用下面的方式登录了：

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$ ssh test

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ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa user@ssh.test.com

ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa luban@10.186.6.134
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa zhangyuhu@172.22.50.250
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa didi@172.24.158.48

1.7. ubuntu 显示字体大小设置

终端命令： 安装gnome-tweaks桌面配置工具;

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sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

Alt+F2 在运行窗口输入 gnome-tweaks 命令，回车; 打开的优化窗口中，字体一栏，调整缩放比例（如1.5则会放大）。

1.8. ubuntu 设置wifi 上网，有线连接局域网设备

配置有线网如下

https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/zhangyuhu/share_images/images/202302221023300.png

1.9. 快捷键

设置-> 设备 -> 键盘

https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/zhangyuhu/share_images/images/202302221022508.png

1.9.1. 文件管理器

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nautilus .

1.10. 任务栏设置

../image/image-20220727112310753.png

1.11. 修改主机名

https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/zhangyuhu/share_images/images/202302221022832.png

2. 常用软件安装

自动安装

2.1. vim

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sudo apt-get install vim

# https://github.com/ma6174/vim vim配置文件和插件
wget -qO- https://raw.github.com/ma6174/vim/master/setup.sh | sh -xY

2.2. 微信

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wget -O- https://deepin-wine.i-m.dev/setup.sh | sh
sudo apt-get install deepin.com.wechat

Ubuntu通过deepin-wine安装wechat和wechat Work

2.3. net-tools

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sudo apt install net-tools

2.4. opencv

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sudo apt-get install libopencv-dev

2.5. openssl

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sudo apt-get install openssl
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev

2.6. cmake

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sudo apt install cmake

2.7. terminator

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sudo apt-get install terminator

快捷键： Ctrl-E(注意是大E要按住Shift)可以垂直分割终端 Ctrl-O 可水平分割终端 按住Alt然后按上下左右可以在不同的分割窗中切换 Ctrl-D 可以关闭分割窗 terminator配置文件 ：~/.config/terminator/config

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font = Monaco 10 #设置体字
background_color = "#204070" # 背景颜色
foreground_color = "#F0F0F0" # 字体颜色
cursor_blink = True # 设置光标
scrollbar_position = disabled # 禁用滚动条
titlebars = no # 禁用标题栏
background_darkness = 0.4
background_type = transparent # 背景类型可以设置为图片

更多配置：

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man terminator_config

2.8. tree

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sudo apt install tree

2.9. doublecmd

文件管理工具

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sudo add-apt-repository ppa:alexx2000/doublecmd
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install doublecmd-gtk

sudo apt-get remove doublecmd-*

2.10. gnome-tweaks

unutu 桌面配置

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# 安装
sudo apt-get gnome-tweaks

# 启动
gnome-tweaks

2.11. VLC

2.12. Typora

Linux安装及美化Typora详细步骤

2.13. Samba

Samba 是种用来让UNIX系列的操作系统与微软Windows操作系统的SMB / CIFS（服务器消息块/通用Internet文件系统）网络协议做链接的自由软件。第三版不仅可访问及分享SMB的文件夹及打印机，本身还可以集成入Windows Server的网域，扮演为网域控制站（域控制器）以及加入Active Directory成员。简而言之，此软件在Windows与UNIX系列操作系统之间搭起一座桥梁，让两者的资源可互通有无。

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# 安装
sudo apt-get install samba

# 查看是否安装成功
samba

# samba 配置文件路径
/etc/samba/smb.conf

# 修改配置文件 - 文件最后添加
[ZYH-DATA]
    comment = zyh ubuntu data
    path = /mnt/DG
    public = yes
    browseable = yes
    public = yes
    writeable = yes
    read only = no
    valid users = zyh
    create mask = 0777
    directory mask = 0777
    force user = nobody
    force group = nogroup
    available = yes

# 添加密码
 sudo smbpasswd -a zyh

# 重启samba 服务器
sudo service smbd restart

# win 访问
  \\+ ip

2.14. 截图工具 flameshot

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# 安装
sudo apt-get install flameshot

# 手动下载
https://github.com/flameshot-org/flameshot/releases

# 启动
flameshot gui

2.15. Finalshell

github release

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rm -f finalshell_install_linux.sh
wget www.hostbuf.com/downloads/finalshell_install_linux.sh
chmod +x finalshell_install_linux.sh
./finalshell_install_linux.sh

安装路径

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/usr/lib/FinalShell/

配置文件路径

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/home/$USER/.finalshell/

2.16. 搜狗输入法

https://shurufa.sogou.com/linux/guide

2.17. ubuntu 删除应用显示图标

  1. 删除系统自带的图标
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sudo nautilus /usr/share/applications
  1. 删除wine等软件安装的自定义图标
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sudo nautilus ~/.local/share/applications

2.18. ZSH 和 oh-my-sh

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# zsh
sudo apt-get install zsh

# oh-my-sh
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

# 设置默认终端
chsh -s /bin/zsh root

# 切换回bash也是相同的方法
chsh -s /bin/bash root

2.19. clash

参考 ：ubuntu 20.04 配置使用 clash for linux

  1. 下载地址

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    https://github.com/Dreamacro/clash
wget -O clash.gz https://github.com/Dreamacro/clash/releases/download/v1.4.1/clash-linux-amd64-v1.4.1.gz

  2. 安装

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    gzip -f clash.gz -d
chmod +x clash

cp clash /usr/bin

vi .bashrc
alias clash='sudo ./usr/bin/clash -d ~/.config/clash/'

./clash

  3. 配置

    • 拷贝 mac / win 上配置文件到ubuntu

    • 使用 Web 工具管理 clash

      地址：http://clash.razord.top/#/proxies

      https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/zhangyuhu/share_images/images/202302221021967.png

    • 配置 ubunutu 网络代理

      打开 设置 -> 网络 -> 网络代理

      配置 HTTP 代理和 socket 代理 分别为上面的端口号

      https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/zhangyuhu/share_images/images/202302221021265.png

    • 其他问题

      • git clone 报错 ：Failed to receive SOCKS4 connect request ack.

        因为 clash 代理的 socket5，github 是 socket4

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    # 7891 是clash 代理 socket 的端口
git config --global http.proxy 'socks5://127.0.0.1:7891'
git config --global https.proxy 'socks5://127.0.0.1:7891'

2.20. jq 工具

官网

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sudo apt-get install jq

# json 格式化
cat Recfront_20200916_095044_refine.json |jq . >data_2.json

2.21. screenkey

  1. 下载 https://www.thregr.org/~wavexx/software/screenkey/

  2. 安装

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tar xvf screenkey-1.5.tar.gz
cd screenkey-1.5
sudo ./setup.py install
cd data
sudo cp ./screenkey.desktop /usr/share/applications/
  1. 使用
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screenkey
  1. 设置

参考 ： https://gitlab.com/screenkey/screenkey#interactive-placement

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screenkey -p fixed -g 30%x10%+65%-10%

2.22. pycharm

2.23. android stduio

内网穿透 cpolar

  • cpolar一键安装脚本
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curl -L https://www.cpolar.com/static/downloads/install-release-cpolar.sh | sudo bash
  • 配置cpolar开机自启动
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sudo systemctl enable cpolar
sudo systemctl start cpolar
sudo systemctl status cpolar

  • 获取ssh隧道的公网地址 http://localhost:9200 配置

  • 远程登陆

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ssh linux用户名@cpolar所生成的公网地址 -p XXXXX（cpolar生成的端口号）
Updated on 2023-01-18  d1ac348
 ubuntu
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